Mosses, far from being forest floor carpets, can have various effects on terrestrial ecosystems. Mosses from northern boreal ecosystems, for example, play a major role in nitrogen and carbon cycling, contributing up to 50% of total forest productivity. On the other hand, mosses from dryland ecosystems can impact soil physiochemical properties. Furthermore, mosses are sensitive to environmental factors such as light exposure and moisture, presence of leaf litter, and even presence of heavy metals. Thus, they have long been used as measures of ecosystem health. Unfortunately, there are still many gaps in our understanding of moss ecology and ecophysiology in relation to environmental factors. Particularly in an era where ecosystems are being impacted by various climatic disturbances, understanding the relationship between the environment and mosses can potentially inform us about the impacts climate change will have on ecosystem function via mosses. As such, the objective of this session is to bring together researchers that have investigated moss communities in the boreal forests of Canada, as well as the arid drylands of northern Arizona and collections of mosses from all across Europe in order to incorporate global datasets on the effects of climate change on moss ecology. Each presentation will provide threads of information, from projecting moss dispersal rates, to moss chemical activities and even moss-microbe interactions, weaving together an understanding of moss ecology in a changing climate.