Wildfires are a common and natural disturbance occurring across almost every biome on Earth. Feedbacks between fire and vegetation are a fundamental ecosystem property of fire-adapted ecosystems. Fire-induced changes in vegetation can modify the patterns and severity of subsequent fires and it is these stabilizing feedbacks between vegetation and fire that act to promote ecosystem resilience. However, recent increases in temperature and drought occurrence have dramatically increased wildfire disturbance in many parts of the world and could disrupt these key stabilizing feedbacks. Currently, empirical data identifying fire-vegetation feedbacks is limited to a few ecosystems. This session will evaluate how these feedbacks can promote resilience or drive state change in the face of altered fire-regimes across a range of spatial and temporal scales and a diversity of ecosystems experiencing different fire regimes.