Plant and soil microbiomes maintain healthy functions of these ecosystems and influence agricultural productivity and carbon-climate feedbacks. For example, plant microbiome research aims to learn how crop (including bioenergy crop) productivity and quality can be influenced; soil microbiome research attempts to optimize the nutrient cycle and prevents soil degradation and enhances sustainability. The new generation of omics-based microbiome study is providing valuable information about the taxonomic, genetic, and functional properties of microbial communities in the plant-soil system. Metagenomic-based insights have provided strong evidence that microbial community composition responds significantly to land use change, management practices and environmental changes. However, it remains challenging how ecosystem functions can be linked with the massive, rich taxonomic, phylogenetic and/or functional data for microbial communities. Therefore, we propose to organize a session at the 2020 ESA Annual Meeting by inviting ecologists and microbiologists to discuss the following topics: (1) microbial community responses to climate and environmental change; (2) translating and incorporating multi-source microbial and omics data into ecosystem modeling; and (3) harnessing microbiome data towards mechanistic and predictive understanding of the soil-microbe-plant biome.